William Nelson Beck (1923-1996)
Joliet Herald News article from 1996 | Discovery of Ultrasound | Argonne National Lab Official site | Obituary
"Taking Pictures with Sound" Article
appeared in Science, page 10, December 9, 1957.
aren't yet of standard quality. W.N. Beck of Argonne's Metallurgy Division pioneered the technique when he needed
ultrasonic inspection of reactor fuel elements to detect discontinuities in the bond between the fuel and its cladding.
Then he turned the device on himself and showed that a usable "X-ray" of the hand could be made. Standard ultrasonic equipment is used, with two crystals - one to transmit, one to receive the vibrations. When one
scanner encounters a flaw in the fuel element (or a bone in the hand), reception is interupted and a white space appears
on the electrosensitive recording sheet (see photo).
Argonne National Lab Highlights: 1950-1959 (A.N.L. Official Website)
1957
April 17 -- A short article by Argonne physicist W. Nelson Beck is received
by The
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. Printed in the July 1957
issue, it is the
first report of the discovery that ultrasound -- referred to as "an
ultrasonic scanner and
recording system" -- has medical applications in making images of
bones inside the
human body. The article is accompanied by history's first ultrasound image
-- the
bones of Beck's hand and forearm. Beck had been working with ultrasound
as a
non-destructive method for inspecting nuclear reactor fuel, when he was
inspired to
put his arm inside the device and tune it to form an image of his bones.
Reprinted from The Journal of the Acoustical Society
of America, Vol. 29, No. 7, 865, July, 1957
Copyright, 1957 by the Acoustical Society of America.
Ultrasonic Recording of the Bones in a Human Arm
W. N. BECK
Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois
(Received April 17, 1957)
IN THE evaluation of an ultrasonic scanner and recording system, the effect of a transmission technique on human flesh at a frequency of 1 Mc was noted. By adjusting the sensitivity of the recording circuit it was possible to discriminate between flesh and bone. The figure on the left is a photograph of a recorded trace which indicates the location and the basic shape of bones in the hand and forearm. The two-dimensional figure is obtained by mechanically scanning an area with a small ultrasonic beam which transcribes a geometric "saw tooth". The recording is accomplished by a helix recorder which writes on electrosensitive paper. The scanner was developed primarily for the inspection of power reactor fuel elements, but this particular application might be of interest to other investigators.
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